Pdf v i characteristics of diode through computer researchgate. Useful mathematical relations are shown and illustrated with plots. Each diode was investigated by plotting the iv curve using a precision sourcemeasurement unit b2902a and a laptop with the corresponding quick iv measurement software installed. If you need to use your diode on another day, mark it with a piece of tape with your name and leave it in the storage cubbies in the back of the lab. Calculate static and dynamic resistance of the zener diode in both forward and reverse biased conditions before, after break down voltages. From the experiment, the following conclusions were drawn. Zero bias no external voltage potential is applied to the pn junction diode. To draw the characteristic curve of a zener diode and to determine its reverse breakdown voltage aim to draw the characteristic curve of a zener diode and to determine its reverse breakdown voltage. Measurements of temperature and voltage will be done using a thermocouple and an. Experimental determination of the i u characteristic theoretical determination of the i u characteristics in the presence of the tunneling phenomena is extremely difficult. Applying kirchhoffs current law to the first four nodes in the.
Carry out the recording for both forward and reversed bias characteristics. Connections are made as shown in the circuit diagram. Some of the voltage and current division lab report. In this article we are going to discuss some of the basic characteristics of diodes and their properties. For illustration, compare this figure to that for the semiideal and ideal diode. Zener breakdown voltage should be approximately close to the desired voltage we want. Apparatus a zener diode with small reverse breakdown voltage of about 6 volts, i. If a diode is fully conducting, it can usually be assumed that the voltage across it is the forward voltage rating.
The voltage across the diode is recorded as the xinput as v. Three important characteristics of a diode are, first of all, the forward voltage drop. Conclusion this experiment focuses on the investigation of the basic characteristics of a diode. Today we will continue studying these important devices by measuring the current characteristics under various light conditions the diagram on the next slide shows a. Write down all circuit equations and simplify as much as possible 2. Pdf experiment on the physics of pn junction giacomo.
It is also required to obtain the capacitancevoltage characteristics of the diode. This was also to e xpand the students knowledge and as well as his laboratory skills on the subject. Practical report on diode characteristics pdf scoop. Part bfrom both experiment we can conclude the diode can become insulator when inreverse biased and also can be a conductor when in forward biased because thatstime the resistance become low and can make the current easily flow trough diode.
Kirchhoffs current law states that the algebraic sum of all the currents at any node is zero. The analysis is very similar to that of a metalsemiconductor junction. The zener diode has a unique property that offers a simple, lowcost solution to this problem. The experiment was conducted to explore the characteristics of a diode laser. By adjusting the rheostat, voltmeter reading is increased from 0 and in each time note the. You can access the data sheet from thr following site auinternalworkshopstorepdf1n4004. Diode iv characteristics the iv graph for a nonideal diode is shown in figure 2, along with an ideal approximation to accommodate the nonzero threshold voltage. What differences do you expect if you were to measure the characteristics of a small signal diode 1n914, a power rectifier diode 1n4001, a red led, and a blue led c503bbcn. Lab 1 diode characteristics purpose the purpose of. Diode characteristics 2012 summary this experiment was set up to investigate the different properties and characteristics of several different types of diode.
The following task will acquaints us with the characteristics of a nonlinear devise the diode. These practical considerations are illustrated in figure 3. To study the characteristics of the forward and reverse biased junction diodes. But simulation doesnt necessarily give the true effect of any experiment as the simulation depends mostly upon the ideal modeling of devices. The properties of a pn junction are very dependable. To determine experimentally and graph the volt ampere characteristics of a junction diode. The following is a list, by letter symbol, of the major electrical characteristics for the rectifier and signal diodes. It is a two terminal device with one terminal marked as positive and the other one as negative. Conduct the experiment for obtaining the forward bias vi characteristics of the given diode.
The diode will be easier to understand if we compare the diode to another two terminal device we know and love the resistor. To study and verify the functionality of a pn junction diode in forward bias b pointcontact diode in reverse lab report 1. Pn junction diode and its characteristics in chapter 1 understanding the pn junction, we have seen how a pn junction is formed from a ptype and ntype semiconductor. The transistor characteristics are useful in amplifier design as well as understanding how transistors operate.
Recipe for solving diode circuits state of diode is unknown before solving the circuit 1. It is acting as normal diode while forward biasing. Use the diode equation for that state to solve the circuit equations and find i d and v d 3. A diode is simply a pn junction, but its applications are extensive in electronic circuits. Clampers are easily distinguished from clippers in that they include a capacitive element. You diodes will use the bit bucket breadboarding system to build and test several dc and ac diode circuits.
To draw the characteristic curve of a zener diode and to. We have seen in a previous experiment that the resistance of both a photodiode and a phototransistor changes as the intensity of the light hitting the device varies. The experiments in this laboratory exercise will provide an introduction to. The data below were collected for the example of a npn 2n36443 transistor using the circuit below. Experiment 1 vi characteristics of diode vi characteristics of diode aim. A typical damper will include a capacitor, diode, and resistor with some also having a dc battery. Because diodes of the same type can have significantly different characteristics, use the same diode for all experiments in this lab. Ele339, electronics i laboratory lab 2 pn junction diode characteristic prelab objective. The practical diode university of north carolina at. The last effect on diode operational characteristics were going to look at has to do with temperature. A specific diodes vf depends on what semiconductor material its made out of. The electrostatic analysis of a pn diode is of interest since it provides knowledge about the charge density and the electric field in the depletion region. In this experiment also we know the how to differentiate.
To study and verify the functionalityof zener diode in forward bias and reverse bias and to plot voltampere characteristics of zener diode. We have also learned about diffusion current, depletion region. Observation of characteristics of a zener diode debangshu mukherjee bs. For correct voltage regulation, we need to find out precisely what voltage should be across the zener diode. Diode characteristics diode and diode circuits diodes. Conclusion this experiment focuses on the investigation of.
The the temperature dependence o f the threshold current i th was investigat ed and l i characteristic. Diodes and diode circuits tlt8016 basic analog circuits 20052006 2 3. Manufacturers specify these various diode operating parameters and characteristics with letter symbols in accordance with fixed definitions. This was conducted as an introductory to electronics laboratory and in line with some topics in lecture classes. Find zener breakdown voltage in reverse biased conditions. In the reverse, when we reverse bias the diode the depletion. The principle behind the diode is similar to a valve or a gate, which lets electricity flow only in one direction simple. That means when the voltage is increased the current through it decreases. We are going to learn about an experiment to find out the zener breakdown voltage and draw the characteristics of zener diode. To measure the effect of forwardbiased and reversedbiased on current in a junction diode. Tunnel diodes esaki diode tunnel diode is the pn junction device that exhibits negative resistance.
A multimeter with a diode setting can be used to measure the minimum of a diodes forward voltage drop. Under a forward bias condition, this should be about. You will be using a 2n2222 transistor so your data will be different. It has a particular voltage known as break down voltage, at which the diode break downs while reverse biased. To study and verify the functionality of a pn junction diode in forward bias b pointcontact diode in reverse. Diode characteristics diodes are the basic types of power semiconductor switching devices. Esaki diodes was named after leo esaki, who in 1973 received the nobel prize in physics for discovering the electron tunneling effect used in these diodes. Voltage regulation using zener diodes bryan witherspoon november 8, 2008 abstract in digital or mixedsignal applications, there is a need to precisely regulate the voltage entering or exiting a circuit. Experiment 6, photodiode and phototransistor current.
Deduce the forward working voltage of the diode vd. Use suitable input scales and calibrate the scale on the recording sheet. Experimently find out whether the given diode is made of germanium or silicon. Zener diode is a pn junction diode specially designed to operate in the reverse biased mode. How do you construct a laboratory experiment that will allow you to make this. To study the characteristics of pn junction diode under forward bias and reverse bias condition.
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